Edmond Alexander

Shannon Associates

Plasma Cell Membrane with CD38 Receptors 

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Activating Membrane Proteins

medical illustration of Protein-ligand binding activates the lipid membrane surface protein to trigger intracellular signaling pathways. CD38 is a surface protein for cell activation found on immune cells, and its deficiency is linked to impaired immune responses and metabolic disturbances.
Next medical illustration of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTKs) are high-affinity cell surface receptors for cell maintenance but also initiate the development of many cancers. RTK occurs when a ligand attaches to the HER 2 receptor and then connects to the HER 3 receptor, signaling intracellular proteins to initiate cell division. Here, the ligand attaches to the HER 3 receptor but the anti-tumor drug (sphere at base of the receptor) prevents the joining of HER 3 and HER 2, resulting in membrane destruction and cell death.

Tumor Cell Membrane Destruction

Protein-ligand binding activates the lipid membrane surface protein to trigger intracellular signaling pathways. CD38 is a surface protein for cell activation found on immune cells, and its deficiency is linked to impaired immune responses and metabolic disturbances.

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© Edmond Alexander